Abstract: Lead poisoning poses a significant health risk, particularly in the context of unregulated herbal medicines. This case report details the death of a 59-year-old woman who succumbed to complications from lead poisoning (cerebral edema and encephalopathy) following the use of an herbal cream to treat hemorrhoids. This incident highlights the dangers associated with unregulated herbal products, which can often be contaminated with harmful substances like heavy metals. Despite the perception that herbal remedies are safer and more affordable alternatives to conventional treatments, their natural appeal does not mitigate the risk of contamination. Many herbal plants can accumulate metals from their environment,exacerbating the risk of lead exposure. This case underscores the urgent need for stricter regulations and oversight in the herbal medicine industry to prevent such health hazards. Implementing stronger regulatory measures are essential to ensure that all medicinal and cosmetic products are free from
harmful contaminants and to safeguard public health against the significant risks associated with lead poisoning.

Keywords: Lead poisoning; cerebral edema; hemorrhoid complication; anemia of unknown etiology;herbal medicine, heavy metal poisoning; case report